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1. ABC analysis of storage. ABC analysis is the basic analysis to implement the rationalization of storage. On this basis, it can further solve the rationalization problems such as structural relations, storage capacity, key management and technical measures.

2. Implement key management based on ABC analysis. Decide the reasonable inventory reserve quantity of various materials and the method of maintaining reasonable reserve economically, and even implement zero inventory.

3, under the premise of forming a certain total scale of society, the pursuit of economic scale and appropriate concentration of inventory. Moderate centralized storage is an important part of rationalization, the so-called moderate centralized inventory is to use the advantages of storage scale, with moderate centralized storage instead of scattered small-scale storage to achieve rationalization.

Centralized storage is a way to achieve advantages within a certain range in the face of two constraints. One is storage costs, and the other is transportation costs. Excessive dispersion, the storage of each place is limited, difficult to schedule and adjust each other, it is necessary to determine the inventory according to the requirements of its guaranteed object. Centralized storage is easy to schedule and adjust, and the total amount of centralized storage can be much lower than the total amount of decentralized storage. Excessive centralized storage, the distance between the storage point and the user is prolonged, the total storage is reduced, but the transportation distance is prolonged, the freight expenditure is increased, the transit time is long, and the turnover reserve is forced to increase. Therefore, the meaning of moderate concentration is to obtain the optimal degree of concentration mainly in these two aspects.

In addition to achieving an optimal balance between total storage costs and transportation costs, moderately centralized inventory has a range of other benefits:

(1) The ability to guarantee a single user is improved;

(2) It is conducive to the use of mechanization and automation;

(3) It is conducive to the formation of a certain batch of trunk transportation;

(4) It is conducive to becoming the starting station of branch transportation.

4, accelerate the total turnover, improve the unit output. The important topic of storage modernization is to change static storage into dynamic storage, and a fast turnover will bring a series of rationalization benefits: fast capital turnover, high capital efficiency, small cargo damage, increased warehouse handling capacity, cost reduction, and so on. Specific practices such as the use of unit storage, the establishment of rapid sorting system are conducive to the realization of fast in and fast out, large in and large out.

5. Adopt an effective "first in first out" approach. Ensure that the storage period of each storage item is not too long. "First in, first out" is an effective way and has become one of the principles of storage management. Effective FIFO methods mainly include:

(1) Through shelf system. Use each layer of the shelf to form a through channel, store items from one end, remove items from the other end, items in the channel in their own order, there will be no offside and other phenomena. The through loan system can guarantee the first in first out very effectively.

(2) "double warehouse method" storage. For each type of storage, prepare two storage or cargo space, rotate access, coupled with the provision that only in a space to be replenished, you can ensure the realization of "first in first out".

(3) Computer access system. Using computer management, the time record is input to the computer when stored, compiled into a simple output program according to the order of time, and the computer can give instructions according to the time when picking up goods to ensure "first-in-first-out". This computer access system can also combine "first in first out" to ensure that it does not do ultra-long storage and fast forward and fast out, that is, under the premise of ensuring a certain first in first out, the fast turnover of materials are randomly stored in a convenient storage place to speed up turnover and reduce labor consumption.

6, improve storage density, improve storage capacity utilization. The main purpose is to reduce the investment in storage facilities, improve the utilization rate of unit storage area, in order to reduce costs and reduce land occupation, there are three types of methods:

(1) Adopt a high-stack method to increase the height of storage. Specific methods, the use of high-rise shelf warehouse, the use of containers, etc. can greatly increase the storage height than the general storage method.

(2) Reduce the width of the channel in the warehouse to increase the effective storage area, specifically the use of narrow lane-type channel, with rail loading and unloading vehicles to reduce the vehicle operating width requirements, the use of side forklift, push and pull forklift to reduce the width required for forklift turning.

(3) Reduce the number of channels in the library to increase the effective storage area. Specific methods include the use of intensive shelves, the use of removable shelves that can be entered into the car, the use of various through shelves, the use of bridge crane loading and unloading technology that does not rely on the channel.

7, use effective storage positioning system. The meaning of storage positioning is to determine the location of the stored object. If the positioning system is effective, it can greatly save the time of finding, storing and taking out, save a lot of materialized labor and live labor, and prevent errors, facilitate the management of inventory and order points.

Storage positioning system can take advanced computer management, can also take general manual management, effective ways are mainly:

(1) "four positioning" mode. It is a scientific method used in the manual management of our country to determine the fixed and stored location by a group of four digits. The four numbers are: serial number, shelf number, floor number, and bit number. This makes each cargo place have a group number, when the materials are stored, l according to the planning requirements, the material number, recorded on the account card, according to the four-digit instruction when picking up the goods, it is easy to pick out the goods. This positioning method can plan the inventory area of the warehouse in advance, and can quickly access the goods, which is conducive to improving speed and reducing errors.

(2) Electronic computer positioning system. Is the use of electronic computer storage capacity, the advantages of rapid retrieval, in the storage, the storage location will be entered into the computer, out of the storage to the computer instructions, and according to the instructions of the computer manual or automatic addressing, to find the storage of goods, pick the way to take goods. Generally, the free cargo location method is adopted, and the computer indicates that the incoming goods are stored in the nearest place where it is easy to access, or according to the storage time and characteristics of the human warehouse goods, the appropriate cargo location is indicated, and the goods can be picked up nearby. This way can make full use of each cargo space, without the need to wait for goods, is conducive to improving the storage capacity of the warehouse, when the throughput is the same, compared with the general warehouse to reduce the building area.

8. Adopt effective monitoring and inventory methods. Monitoring the quantity and quality of stored materials is not only necessary to grasp the basic situation, but also necessary for scientific inventory control. A slight error in the actual work will make the account inconsistent, so we must timely and accurately grasp the actual storage situation, and often check with the account card, which is essential for manual management or computer management. In addition, regular monitoring is also an important work to grasp the quality of stored objects. The effective ways of monitoring and inventory mainly include:

(1) "Five five" stacking. It is a scientific method used in the manual management in our country. When stacking storage, with "five" as the basic counting unit, pile into the total number of "five" multiple of the pile shape, such as plum five, overlapping five, etc., after stacking, experienced people can look at the number, greatly speeding up the speed of manual counting, and less error.

(2) photoelectric identification system. The photoelectric identification device is set on the cargo space, which scans the stored objects and automatically displays the exact number. This way can accurately grasp the actual quantity of inventory without manual counting.

(3) Electronic computer monitoring system. Using an electronic computer to indicate access, can prevent manual access to easy to occur errors, if the bar code recognition technology is used on the stored object, so that the identification count and computer connection, each store, take an item, the identification device will automatically identify the bar code and enter it into the computer, the computer will automatically make access records. In this way, only to query the computer, you can understand the accurate situation of the stored items, without the need to establish a set of real monitoring system.

9, using modern storage and maintenance technology. The use of modern technology is an important aspect of storage rationalization.

(1) Air curtain against the tide. In humid areas or rainy seasons, outdoor humidity is high and lasts for a long time, and to maintain low humidity in the warehouse, it is necessary to prevent frequent exchange of indoor and outdoor air. When the general warehouse opens the door, it naturally forms a channel for air exchange. Due to the frequent operation, the outdoor humid air will soon enter the warehouse, and the general warehouse door, door curtain and other facilities are not ideal for isolating humid air.

The air blast facility is installed above the door of the library to form an air flow at the door. Because this air flow has a high pressure and flow rate, a gas wall is formed at the door, which can effectively prevent the air exchange inside and outside the library and prevent the immersion of moisture, but can not prevent people and equipment from entering and leaving.

The air curtain can also play a thermal insulation role to maintain the indoor temperature.

(2) air conditioning storage. Adjust and change the ambient air composition. Inhibit the chemical and biological changes of the storage, inhibit the survival of pests and microbial activities, so as to achieve the purpose of maintaining the quality of the storage.

There are many ways to adjust and change the air composition, you can replace a good gas in a sealed environment, you can fill a certain component of the gas, you can remove or reduce a certain component of the gas and so on. The method of air conditioning has a very effective role in the long-term, quality and fresh storage of fruits, vegetables, grain and other items that have metabolic effects. For example, food can be stored for a long time, and apples can be stored for three months.

Air-conditioned storage is also effective in preventing harmful chemical reactions during the storage period of production materials.

(3) Plastic film closure. Although the plastic film is not completely isolated from the gas, it can be separated from the water and tide, and the plastic film can effectively create a closed small environment, prevent the internal and external air exchange, and completely isolate the water. Placing insecticides and corrosion inhibitors in closed environments such as fruits; When a certain gas is injected, the concentration of the substance can be maintained inside for a long time, forming a stable small environment for a long time.

Therefore, this method can be used for air-conditioned storage, which is simpler and less costly than air-conditioned storage. It can also be used to make waterproof packaging for cement, chemical products, steel, etc., to prevent deterioration and rust;

The heat shrinkable plastic film can basically exclude the air inside the closed body after the packaging of the pallet goods, and the plastic film is attached to the packaged material, which is not only effectively isolated from the external environment, but also plays a tightening role to prevent the collapse and scattered stacking.

10, the use of containers, container bags, pallets and other transportation and storage equipment integration. The emergence of containerization facilities such as containers has also brought new concepts to storage. After using containers, it is a warehouse itself, and there is no need to have a traditional warehouse. In the logistics process, a series of storage operations such as warehousing, acceptance, inventory, stacking, storage and warehousing are eliminated, so it is of great significance to change traditional storage operations. Is an effective way to rationalize storage